"This paper provides a broad context with guidance for decision-making in the future – whether for additional surges in COVID-19 or for other public health crises. It will (1) summarize the evidence and history as well as relevant concepts and principles from patient- and family-centered care and bioethics and (2) based on that, provide new tools for collaborative decisionmaking, with the goal of achieving a balance between benefits and harms among different groups impacted in the short and longer term. This resource is only available in English."